He switched to medicine to specialize in opthalmology after learning that his mother was going blind; he received his medical practical-training at Ospital de San Juan de Dios in Intramuros
He also received a mark of outstanding in Medical Pathology, Surgical Pathology, and Obstretics
Without his parent’s knowledge and consent, only his brother Paciano, he went alone to Madrid in May 1882 to study medicine in Universidad Central de Madrid
He earned the degree of Licentiate in Medicine
He attended medical lectures at the University of Paris and the University of Heidelberg
He was a member of Berlin Ethnological Society and Berlin Anthropological Society under the patronage of Rudolf Virchow
He delivered a speech in German in April 1887 before the Antrhopological Society about the orthography and structure of the Tagalog language
He wrote a poem called A las flores del Heidelberg which focused on the welfare of his native land and the unification of shared values between the East and West
He finished his eye specialization in 1887 under Otto Becker at Heidelberg, Germany.
In Heidelberg, he spent half his time learning German and the other half on studying eye disease. He also wrote the last few chapters of Noli Me Tangere, his first novel, there (which he later published in Spanish).
Rizal published his two novels in Ghent, which were critical of Spanish friars and the power of the Church. This books were thought to contribute to the Philippine Revolution of 1896.
Rizal, however, was not an advocate for the revolution (see 3. in Sources)
He was the leader of the reform movement of Filipino students in Spain: he contributed written works on the Spanish newspaper La Solidaridad; this paper primarily focused on liberal and progressive ideas of freedom and individual rights of Filipinos.
He formed a civic movement called La Liga Filipina after returning to Manila in 1892; it focused on social reforms through legal means; however, it was quickly disbanded because Rizal was already declared an enemy of the state due to his published works.
Rizal was arrested on the way from Cuba to Spain—after serving as a doctor in Cuba—and was imprisoned in Barcelona on 6 Oct 1896.
During his time at the prison in Fort Santiago, he disavowed the current revolution and declared that Filipino education and the actualization of the national Filipino identity were necessary in order to achieve freedom (See 3. in Sources).
Rizal was convicted for rebellion, sedition, and conspiracy and was sentenced to death.
Execution
Rizal was secretly buried in Pacò Cemetery after his execution. This was to mislead and discourage martyrdom.
His sister was able to retrieve his remains in August 1898
He wrote a final poem called the Mi último adiós, which was hidden but later handed to his family (including other final letters).
Anthropological Analysis
Sociocentric actions
Rizal published his two novels in Ghent, which were critical of Spanish friars and the power of the Church. This books were thought to contribute to the Philippine Revolution of 1896.
He was the leader of the reform movement of Filipino students in Spain: he contributed written works on the Spanish newspaper La Solidaridad; this paper primarily focused on liberal and progressive ideas of freedom and individual rights of Filipinos.
He formed a civic movement called La Liga Filipina after returning to Manila in 1892; it focused on social reforms through legal means; however, it was quickly disbanded because Rizal was already declared an enemy of the state due to his published works.
He wrote a poem called A las flores del Heidelberg which focused on the welfare of his native land and the unification of shared values between the East and West
In Heidelberg, he spent half his time learning German and the other half on studying eye disease. He also wrote the last few chapters of Noli Me Tangere, his first novel, there (which he later published in Spanish).
Egocentric actions
Without his parent’s knowledge and consent, only his brother Paciano, he went alone to Madrid in May 1882 to study medicine in Universidad Central de Madrid
He earned the degree of Licentiate in Medicine
He also received a mark of outstanding in Medical Pathology, Surgical Pathology, and Obstretics
Combination of agentic and reflexive aspects of Rizal’s self
He was the leader of the reform movement of Filipino students in Spain: he contributed written works on the Spanish newspaper La Solidaridad; this paper primarily focused on liberal and progressive ideas of freedom and individual rights of Filipinos.
During his time at the prison in Fort Santiago, he disavowed the current revolution and declared that Filipino education and the actualization of the national Filipino identity were necessary in order to achieve freedom (See 3. in Sources).
Phases marking the change in his identity and status
Becoming a German citizen
In Heidelberg, he spent half his time learning German and the other half on studying eye disease. He also wrote the last few chapters of Noli Me Tangere, his first novel, there (which he later published in Spanish).
He wrote a poem called A las flores del Heidelberg which focused on the welfare of his native land and the unification of shared values between the East and West
Philosophical Analysis
Narrative view of the self
His essence are
Nationalistic
Caring
Inquisitive
Courageous
Rizal has proven to self actualized—make actions that represents his true self and satisfies his essence—based on the following things
Nationalistic Achievements
He was a writer and key member of the Filipino Propaganda movement
He delivered a speech in German in April 1887 before the Antrhopological Society about the orthography and structure of the Tagalog language
Caring Achievements
He wrote a final poem called the Mi último adiós, which was hidden but later handed to his family (including other final letters).
He switched to medicine to specialize in opthalmology after learning that his mother was going blind; he received his medical practical-training at Ospital de San Juan de Dios in Intramuros
He switched to medicine to specialize in opthalmology after learning that his mother was going blind; he received his medical practical-training at Ospital de San Juan de Dios in Intramuros
Without his parent’s knowledge and consent, only his brother Paciano, he went alone to Madrid in May 1882 to study medicine in Universidad Central de Madrid
Counter-arguments against his self-actualization:
He was against the revolution but it still happened, and he was a large influence to it
During his time at the prison in Fort Santiago, he disavowed the current revolution and declared that Filipino education and the actualization of the national Filipino identity were necessary in order to achieve freedom (See 3. in Sources).
He did not get married to someone he initially planned to marry
Rizal fell in love with Leonor Rivera, however, her mother did not favor him.
Based on his essence, he was largely consistent and displayed self-sameness through his actions. He followed his principles; thus remaining true to his character.
Psychological Analysis
Distinct self
Rizal was able to exhibit his existential self by carrying out actions that are less influenced by external factors and more on his internal values (See Egocentric actions in the Anthropological Analysis).
Social identity theory
Parts of the self
Personal Identity (see his essence in Philosophical Analysis)
His curiosity
His nationalism
His caring nature
Social Identity
Filipino
German Citizen
Friends with Europeans like Blumentritt
Member of different organizations like Freemasons, Anthropologists, and etc.